照顾的逻辑与实践的偏误：我国少数民族研究生招生政策改进审度-清华大学教育研究

文章信息/Info

Title:: The?Logic?and?Practical?Deviation?of?Patroning?Policy：A?Study?on?the?Ethnic?Minority?Graduates?Enrollment?PolicyImprovement?of?China

Author(s):: ZHU Zi-yi CUI Yan-qiang; Center?for?Studies?of?Education?and?Psychology?of?Minorities，Southwest?China?of?Southwest?University

Keywords:: ethnic minority; graduates enrollment; patroning policy; improvement

摘要:: 少数民族研究生招生照顾政策以促进民族团结、促进教育公平、促进民族区域社会发展为逻辑基点。改革开放后，随着研究生教育的发展，少数民族照顾问题逐渐从模糊走向清晰，制度安排渐趋合理，建立了以“双少生政策”“分区录取政策”“骨干计划”为核心的照顾政策体系，取得了良好效果。但是随着政策实践的推进和时代环境变迁，我国少数民族研究生招生政策仍然存在较多问题，如照顾对象不够精准、逆向歧视、招生专业安排与民族区域发展需求脱节、监督反馈机制缺乏等。基于新时代民族地区不均衡不充分等新特点，进一步加强提升政策感知度、精准安排照顾群体、优化专业设置机制等多维路径的改进势在必行。

Abstract:: Ethnic Minority Graduates Enrollment Policy as a logical starting point to promote the unity of nationalities , equity in education and the social development in minority regions. After the reform and opening up, with the development of postgraduate education, the problem of ethnic minority preferential policies has gradually shifted from being fuzzy to being clear, institutional arrangements have been gradually rationalized, and a preferential policy centered on the policy of “minority graduates in minority areas”, “zoning admission policy” and “post-graduates cadres plan” has been established. The system has achieved good results. However, with the advancement of policy practice and changes in the times, there are still many problems in the policy for the enrollment of ethnic minority graduate students in China, such as inaccurate care of the object, adverse discrimination, the disjunction between professional arrangements for enrollment and needs of national development as well as supervisory and feedback mechanism. Based on new features in ethnic regions in the new era such as inadequate and imbalance, it is imperative to further strengthen multi-dimensional approaches such as improving policy perception, accurately arranging care groups, and optimizing professional setting mechanisms.