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清华大学教育研究[ISSN:1001-4519/CN:11-1610/G4]

卷:

期数:

2026年01期

页码:

163-174

栏目:

教育改革与发展

出版日期:

2026-02-20

文章信息/Info

Title:

Balancing Social Commitment and Self-Cultivation: The Impact of Career Value-Driven Models on Postgraduates’ Career Choices

作者:

金蕾莅¹ 胡湜² 魏强强¹ 张弢³

1. 清华大学 学生职业发展指导中心；2. 南京师范大学 教育科学学院；3. 清华大学 人文学院

Author(s):

JIN Lei-li¹ HU Shi² WEI Qiang-qiang¹ ZHANG Tao³

1. Center for Student Career Development, Tsinghua University; 2. School of Education Science, Nanjing Normal University; 3. School of Humanities, Tsinghua University

关键词:

职业价值观; 慢就业; “体制内”就业; 继续读博

Keywords:

work values;  delayed employment;  public sector employment;  pursuing doctoral studies

分类号:

G643

DOI:

10.14138/j.1001-4519.2026.01.016312

文献标志码:

A

摘要:

近年来，高学历群体中“慢就业”趋势上升，对“体制内”工作偏好增强，反映出该群体在职业价值观上的多元冲突与决策困境。本研究基于职业价值观的“张力水平”和“内容倾向”两个维度构建分析框架，采用潜在剖面分析（LPA）方法探讨某顶尖大学硕士毕业生的职业价值观组合模式及其对毕业去向的影响。结果发现：（1）超过80%的毕业生呈现出以多元价值观为主导的“兼济型”组合模式（包括“全优驱动”“中等驱动”“立己达人”三种模式），约5%的人表现为单一价值观主导的“独善型”组合模式（包括“成就优先”与“家庭优先”两种模式），另有14.5%的毕业生属于“低欲求”模式，在各类价值观上均表现低迷；（2）不同价值观模式显著预测毕业去向：“全优驱动”组更倾向读博；“中等驱动”“家庭优先”和“低欲求”组更偏好体制内就业；“成就优先”组选择体制外就业的概率显著更高；而“低欲求”组同时还是“拟就业”状态的高风险群体。

Abstract:

In recent years, the rising trend of “delayed employment” and the increasing preference for “state-sector jobs” reflect the interplay of work values and decision-making dilemmas in highly educated populations. The present study adopted a dual-dimensional analytical framework involving “tension levels” and “content orientations” of work values, and utilized Latent Profile Analysis (LPA) to explore the latent profiles of work values among master’s graduates from a top-ranking university. In addition, the relationships between different profiles and career choices were assessed. Key findings include: (a) Over 80% of graduates exhibited “collective-benefit-oriented” value configurations (i.e., “all-excellence-driven,” “moderate-driven,” and “self-cultivation-and-altruism” profiles), characterized by simultaneous pursuit of personal and societal benefits. Approximately 5% displayed “individual-benefit-oriented” configurations (i.e., “achievement-prioritized” and “family-prioritized” profiles), prioritizing personal values, whereas 14.5% fell into the “low-motivation” profile, showing minimal engagement across all value dimensions. (b) Distinct profiles significantly predicted career outcomes: the “all-excellence-driven” group showed a stronger preference toward “pursuing doctoral studies”; the “moderate-driven,” “family-prioritized,” and “low-motivation” groups favored public sector employment; the “achievement-prioritized” group showed greater likelihoods of entering the private sector; and the “low-motivation” group emerged as a high-risk cohort for passive job-seeking.

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更新日期/Last Update: 2026-02-20