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清华大学教育研究[ISSN:1001-4519/CN:11-1610/G4]

卷:

期数:

2025年01期

页码:

17-29

栏目:

教育改革与发展

出版日期:

2025-02-20

文章信息/Info

Title:

On The Exploration and Institutionalization of College and University Evaluation in China

作者:

别敦荣

厦门大学 高等教育发展研究中心

Author(s):

BIE Dun-rong

Center for Higher Education Development Research, Xiamen University

关键词:

高校评价; 评估; 教育评价; 中国

Keywords:

college and university evaluation;  evaluation;  educational evaluation;  China

分类号:

G647

文献标志码:

A

摘要:

评估与教育相伴而生。我国高校评估萌发于20世纪80年代中期的教育体制改革,与高等教育发展同向同行。21世纪以来,伴随高等教育大众化及普及化发展,我国高校评估由初创探索阶段迈入了制度化、体系化建设阶段,并持续向制度化升级阶段转变,这既实现了高校评估自身的不断充实与完善,又发挥了促进高等教育发展的积极作用。在市场与计划交织以及人们认知偏差的影响下,高校评估的消极倾向不断被强化,具体表现为:误导高校办学定位与发展方向,片面追求急功近利的短期办学成效;误导高校片面追求数量指标,甚至导致高校办学只看数量指标;误导教师与学生的教育目的观,影响师生健康持续发展;误导高校办学生态与文化,败坏校风教风学风。基于此,应当加强党和政府对高校评估的宏观管理与指导,健全以政府评估为主导、以高校自评为基础、以社会评估为补充的协同共进的高校评估体系,建立健全高校评估自律机制,加强高校评估理论研究,夯实高校评估理论基础。

Abstract:

Evaluation and education go hand in hand. The evaluation of Chinese colleges and universities originated in the educational system reform in the mid-1980s of the 20th century, and the development of higher education is in the same direction. Since the new century, with the development of higher education massification and popularization, college and university evaluation in China has shifted from the initial exploration to the stage of institutionalization and systematic construction and has continued to transform to the stage of institutionalized upgrading, which has not only realized the continuous enrichment and improvement of college and university evaluation but also played a positive role in promoting the development of higher education. Under the influence of the interweaving of the market and plan as well as people’s cognitive deviation, the negative tendency of college and university evaluation has strengthened continuously, which is manifested as misleading the orientation and development direction of colleges and universities to the one-sided pursuit of short-term school-running results; misleading colleges and universities to the one-sided pursuit of quantitative indicators, and even leading them to run schools only based on quantitative indicators; misleading teachers and students’ view of educational purpose and affecting their healthy and sustainable development; misleading the ecology and culture of colleges and universities running; and corrupting the school spirit, teaching style and learning style. Based on this, we should strengthen the macro-management and guidance of the Party and the government on college and university evaluation, improve the college and university evaluation system led by government evaluation, supplement college and university self-evaluation with social evaluation, establish and improve the self-regulation mechanism, strengthen the theoretical research and consolidate the theoretical foundation.

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更新日期/Last Update: 2025-02-20