科研人员学术创业的利益冲突管理 ——基于斯坦福大学的分析-清华大学教育研究

文章信息/Info

Title:: The Management of Conflicts of Interest in Faculty’s Academic Entrepreneurship ——Based on the Analysis of Stanford University

Author(s):: SHEN Jian¹ XU Hong²; 1.Intellectual Property Management Office, Renmin University of China;2.School of Scientific Research, Beijing Normal University

Keywords:: academic entrepreneurship; conflict of interests; faculty-associated start-ups

摘要:: 科研人员学术创业过程中存在着财务、承诺、责任、目标等利益冲突，如何管理利益冲突成为大学制定学术创业支持政策的重要关切。斯坦福大学建立教师--学院-学校三级利益冲突管理机制，采用严格知识产权授权审批流程、划定衍生企业使用学校资源红线、明晰教师兼职创业行为边界、设置离岗创业门槛及限制条件等措施，实现了对科研人员学术创业过程中利益冲突的有效管理。结合当前我国高校学术创业政策状况，得到的启示借鉴是，采取积极态度制定学术创业利益冲突管理政策，围绕大学使命和教师职责形成学术创业行为规范，完善以知识产权管理为核心的资源使用规则，建立以学院为主体的利益冲突管理运行机制。

Abstract:: In the academic entrepreneurship of faculty, there are conflicts of interest in finance, commitments, responsibilities, goals, etc. Managing conflicts of interest has become an important concern for universities in formulating academic entrepreneurship support policies. Stanford University has established a teacher-college-school three-level mechanism to manage conflicts of interest. It adopts strict intellectual property authorization approval procedures, delineates red lines for faculty-associated start-ups to use university resources, clarifies the boundaries of part-time entrepreneurship behavior, and sets thresholds and restrictions for leaving the faculty position for entrepreneurship. These policies all aim to effectively manage conflicts of interest in the faculty's academic entrepreneurship process. The experience that Chinese universities can learn from is to establish a sound bottom-up academic entrepreneurship management system, strengthen intellectual property management, clarify the rules for using university resources, formulate codes of conduct for faculty’s part-time entrepreneurship, and strengthen the assessment of faculty's eligibility for leaving for entrepreneurship.