金斯利与美国综合中学模式的创立-清华大学教育研究

文章信息/Info

Title:: Kingsley?and?the?Founding?of?the?American?Comprehensive?High?School?Model

Author(s):: DU Guang-qiang¹?ZHANG Bin-xian²; 1.Research?Center?for?Education?Development,?Beijing?Academy?of?Educational?Sciences 2.Institute?for?History?of?Education?and?Culture,?Beijing?Normal?University

Keywords:: Clarence Darwin Kinsley; secondary educational thoughts; comprehensive high school; Cardinal Principles of Secondary Education

摘要:: 《中等教育的基本原则》被公认为20世纪美国中等教育的“大宪章”。报告的发布直接推动了美国中等教育的全面改革和综合中学这种全新的中学模式的创立。作为该报告主要执笔人，卡拉伦斯·达尔文·金斯利的思想和实践对20世纪20-30年代美国中等教育的革新和综合中学模式的确立作出了巨大贡献。国内学界鲜有关于金斯利在该报告形成和综合中学模式建立过程中所扮演角色的研究。本文基于较为充分的文献史料，从金斯利与综合中学创立之间关系的角度，探究他是如何通过一生的努力去推动综合中学模式在美国的建立和发展，以期弥补这位综合中学模式奠基者被人“遗忘”的缺憾。

Abstract:: The report of Cardinal Principles of Secondary Education is recognized as the “Grand Charter” of American secondary education in the 20th century. The release of the report directly promoted the comprehensive reform of secondary education in the United States and the creation of a new high school model such as the comprehensive high school. As the principal writer of the report, Clarence Darwin Kingsley’s thoughts and practices have made great contributions to the reform of American secondary education and the establishment of the comprehensive high school model in the 1920s and 1930s. In China, there are few special studies on Kingsley’s role in the formation of the report and the establishment of the comprehensive high school model. This paper, based on the sufficient literature historical data and from the perspective of the relationship between Kingsley and the establishment of the comprehensive high school, explores how he used his life’s efforts to promote the establishment and development of the comprehensive high school model in the United States, so as to make up for the lack of the “forgotten” founder of the comprehensive high school model.