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清华大学教育研究[ISSN:1001-4519/CN:11-1610/G4]

卷:

期数:

2026年04期

页码:

1-11

栏目:

高等教育研究

出版日期:

2026-08-20

文章信息/Info

Title:

The Europe of Knowledge: Epistemic Communities in the Field of Higher Education Research

作者:

彼得·马森

奥斯陆大学 教育学院

Author(s):

Peter Maassen

Department of Education, University of Oslo

关键词:

认知共同体; 高等教育研究; 欧洲一体化; 学科碎片化

Keywords:

epistemic communitiy;  higher education research;  European integration;  disciplinary fragmentation

分类号:

G649.1

DOI:

10.14138/j.1001-4519.2026.04.000111

文献标志码:

A

摘要:

20世纪50年代以来，高等教育研究已从美国兴起的小而散的研究，发展成为世界范围内的多学科综合研究领域，但也缺乏连贯性和整合性而呈现为碎片化的特征。本文基于认知共同体理论，分析了欧洲高等教育研究领域的三个分支：聚焦教学与学习的教育科学共同体，关注高等教育体系运行的政治、组织和经济条件的高等教育研究共同体，侧重分析创新和科学的社会面向的社会、科学与技术研究共同体。这三个共同体彼此疏离，且在规范性信念、因果信念、有效性观念及实践上各有不同，但都具备认知共同体的特性。欧洲一体化是高等教育研究的一个有趣而重要的课题，反映了欧洲政策和高等教育研究的互动与变化。针对高等教育研究领域普遍面临的政策关注不足且工具化、经费缺乏、学术地位偏低、难以吸引青年学者等全球挑战，应通过制定全球比较研究议程、建设国际数据库、举办专题研讨、设立访问学者项目等对策，强化全球协作，以形成一个全球认知共同体。

Abstract:

Since the 1950s, higher education research has evolved from small, scattered studies in the US into a global, multidisciplinary ?eld. However, it still exhibits fragmentation due to a lack of coherence and integration. Drawing on the theory of epistemic communities, this paper analyzes three branches within the European higher education research field: the educational science community, focusing on instruction and learning; the higher education research community, concerned with the political, organizational, and economic conditions underlying the operation of higher education systems; and the science and technology studies community, emphasizing the social dimensions of innovation and science. Although these three communities seem to be drifting apart in Europe and differ in their normative beliefs, causal beliefs, notions of validity, and practices, they all possess the characteristics of an epistemic community. European integration is an important topic in higher education research, reflecting the interactions and changes between European policies and higher education research. To address common global challenges in this ?eld—such as limited and instrumental political interest, lack of funding, relatively low scientific status, and difficulties in interesting early career researchers—measures should be taken. These include establishing a global comparative research agenda,building international databases, organizing thematic seminars, and setting up visiting scholar programs, to strengthen global collaboration and foster a global epistemic community.

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更新日期/Last Update: 2026-08-20