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清华大学教育研究[ISSN:1001-4519/CN:11-1610/G4]

卷:

期数:

2026年04期

页码:

144-152

栏目:

教育思想与理论

出版日期:

2026-08-20

文章信息/Info

Title:

Formalism Burden in School Organizations: An Explanatory Framework from the Perspective of Neo-institutional Transaction Costs

作者:

毛圣璇 余凯

北京师范大学 教育学部

Author(s):

MAO Sheng-xuan YU Kai

Faculty of Education, Beijing Normal University

关键词:

学校负担; 形式主义; 教育管理; 交易成本; 政校关系

Keywords:

school burden;  formalism;  educational administration;  transaction costs;  government-school relationship

分类号:

G471

DOI:

10.14138/j.1001-4519.2026.04.014409

文献标志码:

A

摘要:

形式主义负担是近年来教育系统和学校组织面临的重要治理难题，在“教育现代化”“教育治理变革”与“教育减负增质”等多重战略目标交汇背景下，探析与厘清学校组织中的形式主义负担，不仅是推进教育高质量发展的关键方向，亦是亟待回应的现实议题。学校组织的形式主义负担在本质上是教育管理过程中组织交易成本不断积聚的现实映射，表现为遵循合规和达标逻辑的管理实践对执行成本、证明成本和监督成本等多元形态交易成本的过度消耗。现代化进程中信任的失落伴随着制度迷思、问责强化和技术理性等多维度交易成本治理机制的失灵，分别通过不同路径催生了形式主义的管理实践，并使学校组织运行承载着高交易成本的负担。教育组织创新和治理改革可以从学校组织属性的厘定、管理关系向度的明晰和治理多元支点的建构入手，探寻学校形式主义负担的纾解与治理之路。

Abstract:

The burden of formalism has become a major challenge confronting the education system and school organizations in recent years. Against the backdrop of the convergence of multiple strategic goals,including educational modernization, educational governance reform, and educational burden reduction and quality improvement, exploring and clarifying the formalism burden in school organizations is not only a key direction for promoting high-quality educational development but also a practical issue that demands urgent attention. Essentially, the formalism burden of school organizations is a practical re?ection of the continuous accumulation of organizational transaction costs in the process of educational management. It manifests as excessive consumption of multiple types of transaction costs, such as execution, veri?cation, and supervision costs, in administration practices centered on compliance and standard attainment. The loss of trust amid modernization is accompanied by the failure of multidimensional transaction-cost governance mechanisms,represented by institutional myths, intensified accountability, and technical rationality. These flawed mechanisms foster formalistic administration practices through diverse paths and impose a high transaction cost burden on the operation of educational organizations. Educational organizational innovation and governance reform can start by clarifying the attributes of school organizations, de?ning the dimensionality of administrative relationships, and constructing multi-pillar governance systems to explore effective approaches for alleviating and governing the burdens of formalism in schools.

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更新日期/Last Update: 2026-08-20