高校学生纪律处分：行政过程论的分析与制度改进-清华大学教育研究

文章信息/Info

Title:: Disciplinary Sanctions for Higher Education Students:Analysis and Institutional Improvement Based on the Administrative Process Theory

Author(s):: GAO Hang LIN Lang; School of Education, Renmin University of China

Keywords:: disciplinary sanctions; administrative process theory; educational administrative litigation; the theory of significance; administrative reconsideration

摘要:: 学生纪律处分具有重要的惩戒和教育功能，在高等教育实践中大量实施，却也争议不断。针对近期的新闻热点事件揭示出现行高校学生纪律处分制度安排存在的深层次问题，需要跳出传统的“行政行为中心论”分析框架，以行政过程论的视角对其进行整体、动态的检讨，重点解决其自由裁量不规范透明、变更制度不完善、教育行政诉讼受案范围不合理、行政复议与行政诉讼制度衔接不畅通的问题。可以考虑从构建裁量基准制度、实现纠错性与非纠错性变更制度价值平衡、情境化地理解重要性理论、发挥行政复议主渠道作用等方面予以完善。

Abstract:: Student disciplinary sanctions have important punitive and educational functions. They are widely used in higher education but remain highly controversial. Recent hot news events have exposed deep-seated problems in the current institutional arrangements for college student disciplinary sanctions. It is necessary to break away from the traditional “administrative action-centered” analytical framework and conduct a comprehensive and dynamic examination from the perspective of administrative process theory,focusing on solving prominent problems, including non-standard and opaque exercise of discretionary power,defective institutional rules for sanction modification, an unreasonable scope of case acceptance in educational administrative litigation, and poor institutional connection between administrative reconsideration and administrative litigation. The institutional system can be optimized by establishing a discretionary benchmark system, balancing the value of corrective and non-corrective modification systems, interpreting materiality theory in a context-specific manner, and giving full play to the role of administrative reconsideration as the main channel for dispute resolution.