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清华大学教育研究[ISSN:1001-4519/CN:11-1610/G4]

卷:

期数:

2026年02期

页码:

36-44

栏目:

世界一流大学

出版日期:

2026-04-20

文章信息/Info

Title:

An Analysis of the Development Model of China’s First-Class Universities in the Post Catch-up Era

作者:

刘少雪

上海交通大学 教育学院

Author(s):

LIU Shao-xue

School of Education, Shanghai Jiao Tong University

关键词:

一流大学; 发展模式; 追赶时代; 后追赶时代

Keywords:

?rst-class university;  development model;  catching-up era;  post-catch-up era

分类号:

G649.2

DOI:

10.14138/j.1001-4519.2026.02.003608

文献标志码:

A

摘要:

依据后发优势理论和后现代化理论，我国一流大学建设已经从追赶时代的快速发展阶段，逐渐转入增速明显放缓的后追赶时代。追赶时期我国一流大学具有明显非连续性发展特征、“引进”是支持我国一流大学快速发展的重要策略、外部因素对我国一流大学建设影响显著，以及奖高罚低管理模式频繁运用等基本特征，后追赶时代我国一流大学面临人工智能时代到来、内部发展基础不均衡和因绩效崇拜而没有完全尊重大学内部学术发展和人才成长规律所带来的严峻挑战；从大学长远发展使命出发，后追赶时代的我国一流大学发展策略，需要从转变发展观念、探索创新人才培养模式和真正落实“以人为本”三个方面进行发展模式转变，并探索形成有中国特色的世界一流大学建设发展之路。

Abstract:

Based on the theory of late-developmental advantage and post-modernization theory, this paper argues that the construction of China’s first-class universities has shifted from the rapid development stage of the catch-up era to the post-catch-up era, with a significantly slower growth rate. This paper analyzes characteristics of China’s elite universities during the catch-up phase. These include clear discontinuous development, heavy reliance on “introduction” as a strategy, strong external factor in?uence and frequent use of reward-punishment management for performance. In the post-catch-up era, these institutions now face major challenges: the AI era, uneven internal development, and a lack of respect for the laws of academic growth and talent development, driven by an overemphasis on performance. In response to this, starting from the longterm development mission of universities, this paper holds that the development strategy of China’s ?rst-class universities in the post-catch-up era needs to transform their development model from three aspects: changing the concept of development, exploring innovative talent training models, and truly implementing “peopleoriented” principles, so as to explore and form a path for building world-class universities with Chinese characteristics.

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更新日期/Last Update: 2026-04-20