比较教育研究中的文化遮蔽与解蔽-清华大学教育研究

文章信息/Info

Author(s):: JIANG Guan-qun GU Ming-yuan; Faculty of Education, Beijing Normal University

摘要:: 文化遮蔽是指在比较教育研究活动中，研究者在认知过程中有意或无意地无视、忽视、简化、泛化或曲解对象国的文化语境，在研究结果上呈现出偏差，导致特定教育现象发生、发展与变革的文化逻辑与客观事实不对应，进而在研究结果的传播与再生产中加剧了文化误读。文化遮蔽在比较教育研究中表征为研究者层面的生产性遮蔽，包括文化无视、忽视、简化、泛化和曲解；也表征为受众层面的再生产性遮蔽，表现为文化的标签化和固化。破解文化遮蔽的路径在于从源头上提高知识生产质量，同时打破知识传播的固化闭环。由此，比较教育研究才能真正发挥使命，揭示不同教育体系应对人类共同挑战的诸多经验，为丰富全球教育知识图景提供建设性方案。

Abstract:: Cultural veiling refers to the phenomenon in comparative education research in which researchers, either consciously or unconsciously, disregard, overlook, simplify, generalize, or misinterpret the cultural contexts of the target country. Such practices often lead to distortions in research outcomes, resulting in a mismatch between the cultural logic underlying the emergence, development, and transformation of specific educational phenomena and the objective facts. Consequently, these distortions contribute to cultural misreading during the dissemination and reproduction of research findings. In comparative education, cultural veiling manifests at two levels. At the researcher level, it takes the form of productive veiling, including cultural disregard, neglect, simplification, generalization, and misinterpretation. At the audience level, it appears as reproductive veiling, characterized by cultural labeling and reification. The path toward unveiling lies in improving the quality of knowledge production at its source while breaking the rigid and self-reinforcing cycles of knowledge dissemination. Only then can comparative education fulfill its mission of illuminating diverse educational responses to shared human challenges and contribute constructively to the enrichment of global educational knowledge.