农村学校优势挖掘-清华大学教育研究

文章信息/Info

Author(s):: FAN Yong-kun¹ CAI De-hao²; 1.China Institute for Rural Education Development Studies, Northeast Normal University; 2.Ideological and Political Education Center, Northeast Normal University

Keywords:: rural school; advantage mining; subjective psychology; education supply; social context

摘要:: 农村学校补齐短板弱项是重点难点,而立足内部突围则构成了未来的潜力后劲。优势思维能建立农村学校改革创新的教育自信,唤醒对人的智力、情感因素的重视,看见隐藏在学校内外的潜在优势,形成低消耗、高发展、可持续、有活力、显个性、易推广的中国经验。优势挖掘让教育主体对周边各类优势有发现眼光,对学生培养目标有理性认识,对优势挖掘过程有可观效率,对激发积极行动有盎然活力。乡村学校优势挖掘力和教育质量水平均不高,整体上呈现城强乡弱的空间分布以及负相关的“弱者更强”群体特征。主观心理、教育提供和社会情境均对优势挖掘力产生显著影响。破解难题的关键在于认识、发现和挖掘农村学校自身的优势,激发农村学校的自信和活力。

Abstract:: Addressing weaknesses is a key and difficult task for rural schools, while focusing on internal breakthroughs constitutes the potential momentum for future development. Advantage-based thinking can foster educational self-confidence of rural school reform and innovation, awaken attention to people’s intellectual and emotional factors, identify potential advantages hidden within and beyond the school, and form a Chinese experience characterized by low input, high developmental efficiency, sustainability, vitality, individuality and easy replication. Advantage mining enables educational subjects to have a sense of discovery for various advantages around them, a rational understanding of students’ cultivation objectives, considerable efficiency in the process of advantage mining, and vigorous vitality in motivating positive actions. Rural schools exhibit relatively low capacity in advantage mining and low levels of educational quality, presenting an overall spatial distribution of “strong counties and weak villages”, as well as a group characteristic of negative correlation as “the weaker, the stronger”. Subjective psychology, education supply, and social situation all have a significant impact on advantage mining capacity. The key to solving this problem lies in recognizing, discovering, and mining the inherent advantages of rural schools themselves, thereby stimulating their self-confidence and vitality.