悉尼·胡克的实用主义教育哲学思想及其意义-清华大学教育研究

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摘要:: 悉尼·胡克是美国实用主义哲学的主要代表。胡克的实用主义教育哲学是对杜威教育哲学的继承,也是对他所处时代的美国教育哲学界面临的理论问题和现实问题的回应。对教育哲学热点问题的回应,催生了胡克对教育目的的思考。胡克将教育的目的归结为培养学生解决问题的能力、学习研究领域内的知识、培养道德习惯和基本的忠诚度。为了实现教育的目的,胡克提出了以方法为核心的教育哲学,其中包括以实用主义准则为核心的判断方法、以学科内容为核心的思维方法和以价值判断为核心的科学方法。对胡克教育哲学的研究,对于理解实用主义教育哲学及其意义,具有重要的作用。

Abstract:: Sidney Hook was a principal representative of American pragmatist philosophy. Hook’s pragmatic educational philosophy represents both an inheritance of Dewey’s ideas and a response to the theoretical and practical issues confronting the American educational philosophy field during his era.His engagement with key issues in educational philosophy prompted reflections on the purposes of education. Hook identified the educational purpose as cultivating students’ problem-solving abilities, facilitating the acquisition of academic knowledge, and fostering moral habits and fundamental loyalty. To achieve these educational aims, Hook proposed a philosophy centered on method, which included a judgment method guided by pragmatic criteria, a method of thinking focused on disciplinary content, and a scientific method centered on value judgments. Studying Sidney Hook’s educational philosophy is crucial for understanding pragmatic educational philosophy and its significance.