世界高等教育中心转移机制分析-清华大学教育研究

文章信息/Info

Title:: The Mechanism and Key Changes of the Transfer of World Higher Education Centers

Keywords:: world center for higher education; science center; technological revolution; industrialization; higher education institutions; academic organization

摘要:: 16世纪以来,全球先后形成了意大利、英国、法国、德国、美国5个科学和人才中心。世界科学中心、高等教育中心是周期性转移的。转移的时机、机制与关键组织变革是高等教育中心转移的核心要素。从转移的时机看,科学发展、技术变革与工业化为高等教育中心转移提供了历史条件。世界高等教育中心转移的机制是高等教育机构的新设置或者创新性改造,高等教育机构依技术变革与工业化做出相应创新,学术组织化程度的提高是实现高等教育中心转移的关键组织变革。高等教育需要及时有效回应外部环境的挑战与机遇,及时有效实施组织变革与制度创新,才能抓住机会窗口,成为世界高等教育中心。

Abstract:: Since the 16th century, five science and higher education centers have emerged globally, including Italy, the United Kingdom, France, Germany, and the United States. The world's science and higher education centers have undergone periodic transfers. The transfer’s timing, mechanism, and critical organizational changes are the core elements of the transfer of higher education centers. From the timing perspective, scientific development, technological transformation, and industrialization have provided historical conditions for the transfer of higher education centers. The mechanism for the transfer of world higher education centers is the new establishment or innovative transformation of higher education institutions. Higher education institutions make corresponding innovations based on technological changes and industrialization, and the improvement of academic organization is the critical organizational change to achieve the transfer of higher education centers. Higher education needs to respond promptly and effectively to the challenges and opportunities of the external environment and implement organizational changes and institutional innovation in a timely and effective manner in order to seize the opportunity window and become the center of world higher education.