优质高等教育资源的区域分布对优质高等教育入学机会的影响-清华大学教育研究

文章信息/Info

Title:: The Impact of Regional Distribution of High-quality Higher Education Resources on the Access to the High-quality Higher Education

Author(s):: LIU Ning-ning YANG Jing-jing; School of Education Science, Hunan Normal University

Keywords:: high-quality higher education resources; access to higher education; regional differences

摘要:: 2013年至2018年间，我国优质高等教育资源省际分布的不均衡程度有所增加，相应地，不同地区优质高等教育高考录取率和入学机会供给外溢性的差异也有所扩大，而地区间毛录取率的差异有所下降。在控制招生计划、适龄人口等变量影响的前提下，通过回归分析发现，我国优质高等教育资源的省际分布并不能有效解释优质高等教育高考录取率的地区差异，但对入学机会供给外溢性的地区差异具有较为稳定、显著的正向影响，对毛录取率的正向影响则逐渐减弱至消失。形成此种影响的内在机制主要体现在基于“地域标签”的无条件约束性的政策补偿机制和基于政府权力规约下的高校招生机制两个方面。

Abstract:: From 2013 to 2018, the imbalance in the distribution of high-quality higher education resources in China has increased. Accordingly, the regional distributional differences in the admission rate of the national college entrance examination and the spillover of the supply of admission opportunities in high-quality higher education have also expanded. In contrast, the regional distribution differences in the gross admission rate have decreased. Through regression analysis, it is found that from 2013 to 2018, the inter-provincial distribution of high-quality higher education resources in China had no significant impact on the admission rate of high-quality higher education. However, it had a significantly positive impact on the inter-provincial distribution of the spillover level of admission opportunities. The impact remained stable while the positive impact on the inter-provincial distribution of gross admission rate gradually weakened to disappear. The internal mechanism of this influence is mainly embodied in the unconditional policy compensation mechanism based on the “regional label” and the university enrollment mechanism based on the government power regulation.

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