欺凌“先兆”的识别与消解——预防学生欺凌的学校实验-清华大学教育研究

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Title:: Identification and Resolution of the “Omen” of Bullying——The School Experiment to Prevent Students’ Bullying

摘要:: 欺凌行为的形成有一个从小到大、从弱到强、从轻到重的酝酿、发生和发展过程。欺凌“先兆”是欺凌种子—欺凌初发—欺凌萌芽的欺凌行为生发过程，这一过程是防止产生严重后果的标准欺凌事件的关键。经过北京市朝阳区三轮实验研究，形成“识别要素”+“消解策略”的欺凌“先兆”应对框架。在学校预防实践视角下，认识到欺凌“先兆”的普遍性和欺凌是可防可控的基本观点，并在实践中加以细化和操作化，是预防欺凌应当持有的基本态度和行为准则。

Abstract:: The formation of bullying behavior is a process of conceiving, emerging and developing from small to large, weak to strong, and light to heavy. The “omen” of bullying refers to the evolutionary process through which the idea of bullying is developed, and the behavior is performed and aggravated. This is the key stage to prevent bullying events with serious consequences. After three rounds of experimental research in Chaoyang District, Beijing, this study proposes a responsive framework to the “omen” of bullying, consisting of the “identification of elements” and “resolution strategies”. From the perspective of school prevention, it is essential to hold an attitude that the bullying “omen” is prevalent and that bullying is preventable and controllable, and form and refine feasible strategies and solutions in practice.