职业流动提升了科学家的科研生产力吗？-清华大学教育研究

文章信息/Info

Author(s):: HUANG Hai-gang LIAN Jie; Strategy Center for China’s Open Economy and International Technology Cooperation, University of International Business and Economics

Keywords:: job mobility; elite scientists; research production; research performance

摘要:: 本研究以 “国家杰青”和“长江学者”获得者为案例，利用InCitesTM 数据库，通过计数模型探究人才流动与科研绩效间的关系。研究显示：(1)职业流动对科研产出和绩效具有明显的“短期增量”效应和“长期减量”效应；(2)向高声望机构流动能够显著提升科学家的科研产出和影响力，而向下流动的消极效应随着时间的推移而愈发明显；(3)向经济发达地区流动对科研生产力的影响相对有限；(4)受组织功能和使命的趋同效应影响，跨机构流动不会影响科学家的科研生产力。结论说明，为促进人才合理有序流动，应重视人才流动积极效应的长效机制建设，强调人才流动的“研究”动机，弱化其“经济”动机。

Abstract:: Taking the Distinguished Young Scholars and Yangtze River Scholars as the cases, this study examines the relationship between talent mobility and academic research performance with publication and citation data from the InCitesTM database. The research shows that: (1) job mobility has obvious “short-term increment” effect and “long-term reduction” effect on scientific research output and performance; (2) flowing to more prestigious institutions significantly enhances scientists' scientific research output and influence, and the negative effects of downward mobility become more obvious with the passage of time; (3) flowing to economically developed regions has limited impact on the productivity of research; (4) cross-intuitional mobility does not influence the academic productivity because of the convergence of organizational functions and missions among institutions. The findings show that to promote orderly flow of talent, we should pay attention to the long-term mechanism construction of the positive effects of talent flow, emphasize the “research” motives, and weaken the “economic” incentives.