从“衡中模式”看基础教育治理的困境与出路-清华大学教育研究

文章信息/Info

Title:: The Dilemma and Solution of Basic Education Governance through an Analysis of Hengshui High School Model

Author(s):: YANG Dong-ping ¹ WANG Shuai ²; 1. Institute of Education , Beijing Institute of Technology ; 2. Institute of educational development and Reform , National Institute of Education Sciences

Keywords:: hengshui high school model; super high school; managing education by law; basic education governance

摘要:: 衡水中学作为典型的“超级中学”所形成的“衡中模式”，在办学模式的层面，主要是公私不分，通过超大的办学规模、跨地区对高分学生和优质教师的攫取和“垄断”，破坏地方的基础教育生态，损害了农村学子的教育机会，并且具有很强的营利性。其所折射出的基础教育治理困境是地方政府扭曲的教育政绩观，以产业化的思路办教育纵容“超级中学”违规办学。在加快普及高中阶段教育的背景下，需要强调地方政府依法行政、依法治教，扩大公众的知情权和参与权；同时深化教育综合改革，促进基础教育治理现代化。

Abstract:: As a super high school, Hengshui high school established a school-running model, which makes no distinction between public and private education, grabs and “monopolies” top students and excellent teachers across the province through large-scale enrollment. It destroys the local basic education ecology, damages the educational opportunity of rural students, and shows a strong profit-making tendency. The Hengshui high school model reflects the dilemma of the basic education governance, which involves the distorted education achievement view of local government, the idea of education industrialization, and toloerance of “Super Middle School” to run the school illegally. In the context of accelerating the popularization of high school education, it is necessary to emphasize local government managing education by law to expand the public's right to know and to participate, as well as to deepen the comprehensive reform of education and promote the modernization of basic education.