批判性思维与创造性思维教育：理念与实践-清华大学教育研究

文章信息/Info

Title:: Educating Students in Critical Thinking and Creative Thinking : Theory and Practice

Author(s):: QIAN Yingyi; School of Economics and Management , Tsinghua University

Keywords:: critical thinking; creative thinking; mindset; curiosity; imagination; value orientation

摘要:: 教育的价值不仅体现在学生的知识掌握上，更体现在学生的思维发展上，其中的核心是批判性思维与创造性思维教育。在理念上，批判性思维可分为能力(skillsets)和心智模式(mindsets)两个层次，而创造性思维可看做由知识、好奇心和想象力、价值取向三个因素决定。在实践上，清华大学经济管理学院本科批判性思维教育的9年历程和清华x-lab在本科和研究生阶段创意创新创业教育的5年探索，提供了从理念到行动的两个案例。本文还评述了技术进步的影响，并对在中国推动批判性思维与创造性思维教育提出若干建议。

Abstract:: The value of education lies not only in knowledge acquisition, but also in the development of the ways of thinking, including most importantly critical thinking and creative thinking. In theory, critical thinking has two dimensions of development in skillsets and mindsets; and creative thinking depends on three factors: knowledge, curiosity and imagination, and value orientation. In practice, Tsinghua SEM provides two cases in focus: the 9-year experience on education in critical thinking in its undergraduate programs, and the 5-year exploration of Tsinghua x-lab on education in creativity, innovation and entrepreneurship at both undergraduate and graduate levels. The article also discusses possible impact of technological progresses on education and provides suggestions on promoting critical thinking and creative thinking education in China.