义教工程，成效几何 ——基于“国家贫困地区义务教育工程”一期的影响分析-清华大学教育研究

文章信息/Info

Title:: An impact evaluation of the first phase of theNational Compulsory Education Project in Poor Regions

Author(s):: HA Wei LUO Yun-feng XU Xiao-wen; Graduate School of Education, Peking University

Keywords:: National Compulsory Education Project in Poor Regions; Difference-in-differences model; Infrastructure expenditure; Personnel funds; Public funds

摘要:: “国家贫困地区义务教育工程”(“工程”)是1995年开始实施的全国性教育扶贫工程，但目前却少有严谨的量化实证研究。本研究使用1994-1997年的县级教育经费和县级财政面板数据，利用自然实验，构建了双重差分模型，检验了“工程”对县级财政预算内教育经费支出的影响。研究发现，“工程”显著提升了项目县的教育基建支出，且对农村的影响更为显著；在教育事业费支出上，“工程”显著提升了项目县城乡中小学(除农村初中外)的生均公用经费支出，显著降低了项目县城乡中小学(除农村初中外)的生均人员经费支出，这可能是由于“工程”要

Abstract:: The National Compulsory Education Project in Poor Regions (thereafter the Project) is a national poverty alleviation project implemented in 1995. Yet there are very few quantitative studies that examine its effect rigorously. Based on the county-level panel data from 1994 to 1997, this study uses the difference-in-differences model to examine its impact on the educational budget expenditure at the county-level, taking advantage of the natural experiment generated by the phase-in nature of the Project. The study finds that the Project significantly increases project counties’ infrastructure spending, especially the spending for rural schools; it also significantly increases project counties’ recurrent per student education expenditure (except for that in rural junior high schools) and significantly decreased project counties’ personnel spending per student (except for that in rural junior high schools).