1999年以来我国高校学生贷款研究综述-清华大学教育研究

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摘要:: 学生贷款是高等教育成本分担与补偿的一种有效方式。在我国，学生贷款是伴随着1997年高校收费并轨与1999年高校扩招后贫困生数量急剧增长的需要而出现的，是维系高等教育公平、推进高等教育大众化的重要保障。国内关于学生贷款的研究主要集中于1999年国家助学贷款政策实施之后，学界从五个方面对学生贷款进行了系统研究：基于贫困生认定的学生贷款起点研究，立足于风险、担保与运行机制三个层面的学生贷款放贷研究，学生贷款的违约拖欠和偿还回收研究，学生贷款的政府责任研究，以及学生贷款的实施效应研究。先行研究为我国学生贷款政策的出台、实施与完善提供了有益的理论借鉴与实践参考，也为后续大样本的实证调查奠定了研究基础。

Abstract:: Student loans is one of the effective ways of cost sharing and compensation in higher education. In China, the emergence of student loans is accompanied by the implementation of college tuition fees in 1997 and the enrollment expansion since 1999 which resulted in the rapid growth of low-income students. It is considered to be an important guarantee to maintain the equality and promote the massification of higher education. Current studies by Chinese scholars on student loans are mainly concentrated on the implementation of the National Student Loans Policy after 1999, covering topics in five aspects: eligibility determination of low-income students—which is the starting point of student loans, lending activities with regards to risks management, guarantee, and operational mechanism, student loans repayments and default, government responsibilities in student loans, and the impact of student loans. The existing literature provides insightful theoretical foundation and practical guidance for the enaction, implementation, and improvement of student loan policies in China, as well as a basis for future large-scale empirical studies.