芝加哥大学社会学的学科建设史考察：兴起、路径及困境-清华大学教育研究

文章信息/Info

Title:: The History of Discipline construction of Sociology at the University of Chicago: the Rise, Path and Dilemma

Author(s):: QU Liao-jian¹Liu Bao-cun²; 1. Tian Jia Bing’s Institute of Education and Science 2.Research Institute for International and Comparative Education, Beijing Normal University

Keywords:: Chicago University; social sciences; the world-class discipline; experiences and reflections

摘要:: 芝加哥大学社会学系作为全美最早的社会学系，在学科制度建设、科学研究、人才培养等多方面形成了自己的特点，构建了社会学的芝加哥学派，促使了有影响力的社会学学科的形成。芝加哥大学社会学学科形成流派，成为有影响力学科的路径有三：制度层面的遵循实用主义与城市化运动相结合的制度环境，组织层面的融合独立大学环境与松散学科结构，个体层面的构建通才型管理者与多元学者共同体。但是，其日益凸显的学术资源独占、研究范式滞后、人才断层等问题则阻碍了该校社会学学科发展的脚步，导致其学科影响力下降。基于其形成过程与发展困境可以看出，创造和掌握制度性的学术资源、形成独有的研究范式与学科传统、将学科发展与社会发展相结合以及保持学科发展的开放性，是世界一流学科形成和发展的重要条件。

Abstract:: As the earliest social sciences’ department, the Department of Sociology at Chicago University has formed its own characteristics in terms of disciplinary construction, scientific research and talent training, which is commonly called as the Chicago School of Sociology. There are three ways to become an influential discipline, through combining the pragmatism and urbanization movement at the institutional level, integrating independent university environment and loose disciplinary structure at the organization level, and constructing an all-rounded managers and multi-background scholars’ community. However, its increasingly obvious disadvantages -- such as the dominantly controlled academic resources, the out-of-date research paradigm, the lack of academic talents – hinders the development of university’s social sciences and weakens the disciplinary influence. Based on this, the world-class discipline can be formed when the university is building system of academic resources, formulating unique research paradigm and traditions, and combining the purposes of disciplinary development and social development.