校外培训的市场失灵与依法治理-清华大学教育研究

文章信息/Info

Author(s):: YANG Cheng¹?QIN Hui-min²; 1.National Academy of Education Administration；2.Graduate School of Education, Beijing Foreign Studies University

Keywords:: off-school tutoring; the “Double Reduction” policy; market failure; govern according to law

摘要:: 改革开放以来，校外培训在政府“有形之手”和市场“无形之手”的共同作用下，经历了萌芽、成长、壮大、规范等四个阶段。近几年，校外培训的无序发展严重影响校内教育，外部负效应凸显，不仅侵害了消费者权益，而且市场的逐利性急剧放大，导致教育不公平加重，市场机制失灵。面对市场失灵产生的负面效应，需要由“看得见的手”加以矫正，在史上最严监管“双减”政策颁布后，要坚持依法治理，做好校外培训治理的立法、释法、普法和执法工作，通过法治思维和法治方式打造法治市场，使校外培训步入良性发展的循环。

Abstract:: Since the reform and opening up, off-school tutoring has undergone four stages of germination, growth, expansion, and standardization under the joint action of the government’s “visible hand” and the market’s “invisible hand”. In recent years, the disorderly development of off-school tutoring has led to the aggravation of educational inequality and prominent external negative effect. Information asymmetry has infringed on the rights and interests of consumers, excessive pursuit of profits has intensified, and the market mechanism of off-school tutoring has failed. In the face of the negative effect of market failure, it is necessary to correct them with visible hands. After the promulgation of the “Double Reduction” policy with the strictest supervision in history, it is necessary to govern out-of-school training according to the laws, that is, to promote the legislation, interpretation, implementation, and reinforcement of the laws through legal channels to bring off-school tutoring into a virtuous development cycle.