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清华大学教育研究[ISSN:1001-4519/CN:11-1610/G4]

卷:

期数:

2017年04期

页码:

19-26

栏目:

教育改革与发展

出版日期:

2017-10-10

文章信息/Info

Title:

Prosperity and Adjustment: Exploring the History of the Development of Higher Education in the United States after the World War II

作者:

於荣¹张斌贤²

1.浙江师范大学 教育科学研究院2.北京师范大学 教育历史与文化研究院

Author(s):

Yu Rong¹ZHANG Bin-xian²

1.Institute of Educational Science, Zhejiang Normal University2.Institution of Education History and Culture

关键词:

繁荣; 调整; 美国; 高等教育

Keywords:

Prosperity;  adjustment;  the United States;  higher education

分类号:

G649.21

文献标志码:

A

摘要:

二战之后半个多世纪的美国高等教育的发展大体上可以分为“繁荣”与“调整”两个阶段。在20世纪70年代之前，美国高等教育经历了史无前例的快速发展，建立了世界上第一个大众化高等教育系统，同时美国大学的学术地位也不断上升。20世纪70年代中期以后，美国高等教育进入了一个发展速度相对缓慢的调整时期。在这一阶段美国高等教育问题激增，在不断进行的调整中美国高等教育发生了与前一个阶段显著不同的变化。美国高等教育在战后的快速发展和取得的巨大成功与战后美国的强盛、美国社会和民众以及联邦政府对 教育的重视与支持、美国高等教育系统本身所形成的特点等因素密切相关。

Abstract:

In more than half a century after the end of the World War II, the development of higher education in the United States generally can be divided into two phases: prosperity and adjustment. Before the 1970s, the American higher education has undergone unprecedented rapid development, and the first mass higher education system in the world was established, the university`s academic status was also rising. In the second phase, American higher education developed relatively slowly and arose many problems.The changes in American higher education were very different from the previous stage.The rapid development and great success of American higher education after the World War II were closely related to the prosperity of America, the support for education from American society and the public and the federal government, and the characteristics of American higher education system itself.

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更新日期/Last Update: 2017-08-20