家庭教育需求视角下相对贫困测度与公共教育投入防贫效果分析-清华大学教育研究

文章信息/Info

Title:: Measurement of Relative Poverty from the Perspective of Family Education Demand and Analysis of Anti-Poverty Effect of Public Education Investment

Keywords:: relative poverty; family education needs; public education investment; measurement

摘要:: 文章依据家庭教育需求引致相对贫困特征,使用CFPS2014至2018年数据,制定识别标准测度家庭教育需求视角下相对贫困发生率,并进一步分析公共教育投入对缩小家庭间教育支出差距的效果。面板门槛回归分析表明,现阶段可将家庭人均可支配收入占所在省份人均可支配收入三分之一比重的77.24%视为教育需求视角下相对贫困家庭识别标准。按照该标准,2014、2016和2018年发生率水平分别为19.03%、15.58%和15.59%。分组回归结果表明,公共教育投入对标准上下两组家庭的教育支出均具有挤入效果,但表现出不同的弹性。未来为提高家庭应对大额刚性支出风险的能力,优化教育财政投入结构,应建立教育需求视角下相对贫困家庭的动态识别监测机制,出台针对相对贫困家庭的专项教育救助政策,因地制宜强化市场机制提升教育财政资源配置效率。

Abstract:: This study employs data from CFPS spanning from 2014 to 2018 to develop a poverty standard based on the perspective of family education demand. Furthermore, the study examines the effectiveness of public education investment in poverty alleviation. Findings from the panel threshold regression analysis indicate that 77.24% of the per capita disposable income of the family accounts for one-third of the per capita disposable income, which can serve as the poverty standard for education demand. By using this standard, the incidence of relative poverty in 2014, 2016, and 2018 was found to be 19.03%, 15.58%, and 15.59%, respectively. Additionally, group regression results reveal that public education investment has a crowding effect on the education expenditure of both groups, albeit with different levels of elasticity. To enhance families’ ability to manage the risk of significant imperative expenditure and to optimize the allocation of education financial investment, this study recommends establishing a dynamic identification and monitoring mechanism, introducing special education assistance policies, and strengthening the market mechanism based on the local context.