法国的大学治理：在“大学自治”与“教师自治”之间-清华大学教育研究

文章信息/Info

Title:: French University Governance:Between University Autonomy and Teacher Autonomy

Author(s):: CHEN Tian-hao; School of Public Policy and Management, Tsinghua University

Keywords:: university autonomy; teacher autonomy; French administrative law; university governance

摘要:: 法国于1968年开启“大学自治”运动，立法者以新公共管理理念为指导，逐步充实“大学”的法律人格，努力实现大学在组织和管理上的自治。在内部治理体系中，这具体表现为“大学校长”与“行政委员会”之地位的提升，以确保“大学校长”对大学的全面领导，从而有效贯彻大学的发展规划。2007年的改革进一步强化了大学内部的行政权，同时，这也对大学教师所传统享有的“自治权”构成了威胁，引发了法律纠纷。宪法委员会及最高行政法院借此介入其中，重新确立了对大学教师之独立与自治的保障，这也驱动法国立法者在2013年再次开启了教育体制改革，以重新寻求“大学自治”与“教师自治”的平衡。

Abstract:: France launches “university autonomy” movement in 1968. With the guidance of new public management concept, lawmakers gradually enrich the legal personality of university and strive to implement the university’s autonomy in organization and government. In the internal governance system, it is embodied in the promotion of the status of university president and administrative committee to ensure the overall leadership of university president, so as to effectively carry out university’s developing programs. In 2007, the reform further strengthens the administrative power within the university which also threatens the traditional autonomy enjoyed by university teachers and triggers legal disputes. Due to these consequences, the Constitutional Council and the Supreme Administrative Court intervene this reform and reestablish the guarantee of the independence and autonomy of university teachers. which also drive French lawmakers to relaunch the educational system reform in 2013, so as to seek the balance between “university autonomy” and “teacher autonomy” again.

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