拔尖与创新：精英成长的张力-清华大学教育研究

文章信息/Info

Keywords:: top-notch innovative talents; Wissenschaft als Beruf; the era of mass higher education; elite education

摘要:: 拔尖与创新之间存在价值冲突，拔尖的目标是“不能失败”，而创新的前提是“不怕失败”，本文聚焦于“拔尖创新人才”培养，对以“拔尖模式”培养“基础学科领军人才”的内外困难进行探究。研究发现，“拔尖”既是大众高等教育时代精英教育维持地位的策略，也是功利主义教育侵蚀的结果，在学术职业内部，它表现为求真、求誉与逐利等诉求之间的张力、成功学的强制性流行；在个体身上，它表现为强竞争下年轻人日渐封闭的内心，被诱惑的虚假创新，以及挫折后的平凡。文章的最后回归本科教育的宗旨问题，追问今日精英到明日栋梁的健康成长之道。

Abstract:: This study focused on the cultivation of “top-notch innovative talents”, by pointing out the conflict value between top-notch and innovation: the goal of top-notch is “not to fail”, and the premise of innovation is “not afraid to fail”. The study indicated that internal and external difficulties of training “leading talents in basic disciplines” in the top-notch mode, and pointed out that “top-notch” is not only the strategy of maintaining the status of elite education in the era of mass higher education but also the result of erosion of utilitarian education.It is manifested in the internal academic profession, the tension between truth-seeking, reputation-seeking, and profit-seeking. It also manifested in the mandatory popularity of Success. It is also performed in the closed mind of young people under strong competitive stress; it was tempted by false innovation and the nihility value under critical thinking. Finally, the article discusses the purpose of undergraduate education and the healthy growth between today's elites and tomorrow’s pillars.