激励因素和保健因素对研究生学术志趣发展的影响 ——基于《自然》全球研究生调查的分析-清华大学教育研究

文章信息/Info

Title:: The Influence of Motivational and Hygienic Factors on the Development of Graduate Students’ Academic Aspiration ——Based on the Nature Global Graduate Student Survey

Author(s):: LIU Yan-yan WEI Jun LIU Chan-chan; School of Education, Tsinghua University

Keywords:: two-factor theory; moderating effect; differences between master’s and doctoral students; academic aspirations

摘要:: 本研究基于赫茨伯格双因素理论,将高校环境中可能影响研究生学术志趣发展的因素区分为激励因素(例如教学质量、导师认同、参与学术会议机会等)与保健因素(例如资助水平、工作生活平衡等)两个方面,使用《自然》期刊2022年全球研究生调查数据,探究了激励因素和保健因素对学生学术志趣发展的作用,并考察了硕士生和博士生之间的异同。研究结果显示:(1)激励因素正向促进博士生和硕士生学术志趣的发展;(2)保健因素对硕士生学术志趣发展无促进作用,但对博士生学术志趣发展有明显促进作用,且对初始学术志趣高的博士生促进效果更强。研究结果厘清了高校环境中激励因素和保健因素对研究生学术志趣发展的作用,并辨析了硕博学生的异同,对完善高校拔尖创新人才培养工作具有一定的参考价值。

Abstract:: Drawing on Herzberg’s two-factor theory, this study categorizes influencing factors in the university environment into motivational factors (e.g., teaching quality, supervisor recognition, opportunities to attend academic conferences) and hygienic factors (e.g., funding level, work-life balance). Using data from the 2022 Nature Global Graduate Student Survey, the study examines the effects of these two types of factors on the development of academic aspiration among graduate students, and explores similarities and differences between master’s and doctoral students. The results reveal that: (1) motivational factors positively promote the development of academic aspiration among both doctoral and master’s students; (2) hygienic factors have no significant effect on the academic aspiration development of master’s students, but significantly promote that of doctoral students, with a stronger promoting effect on doctoral students who initially have high academic aspirations. This study clarifies the roles of motivational and hygiene factors in the development of graduate students’ academic aspirations within the higher education environment and distinguishes the similarities and differences between master’s and doctoral students, providing valuable insights for optimizing the cultivation of top innovative talents in higher education institutions.