走向工业强国：工程实践教育的创新与优化——基于5所高校工程训练中心的考察-清华大学教育研究

文章信息/Info

Title:: Transitions and Changes: Innovation and Optimizing Strategy of Engineering Practice Education ——Based on the Investigation of Engineering Training Centers in 5 Universities

Keywords:: engineering practice education; industrial power; era; optimizing strategy

摘要:: 实践教育是工程人才培养的重要组成部分,也是培养技术创新能力、复杂工程解决能力的必要途径。实践训练质量不高是我国高等工程教育长期存在的问题。本文基于5所具有工科优势高校工程训练中心的考察,提炼出在新的时代背景下,工程实践教育在理念定位、培养目标、课程设置、教学方法、学生群体、设施设备、组织机构7个维度的转型与变革,并基于对管理者、教师和学生不同角色的考察,讨论这一议题的现实挑战。本文进一步提出建立不同阶段的实践教育标准、与培养方案和专业认证充分融合、增强复杂工程问题项目载体、建设行业前沿课程等新时期工程实践教育的优化建议。

Abstract:: Practical education is an important part of engineering education and a necessary pathway for developing technological innovation capabilities and the ability to solve complex engineering problems. The lack of practice education is a long-standing problem in Chinese higher engineering education. Based on an investigation of engineering training centers in five comprehensive universities, this paper investigates transformation and reform of engineering practice education in seven dimensions: concept orientation, training objectives, curriculum, teaching methods, student groups, facilities and equipment, and organizations. It also discusses the realistic challenges of this issue from different roles of managers, teachers and students. It then points out the following suggestions: establish standards for practice education at different stages, integrate fully with training programs and professional accreditation, enhance project carriers for complex engineering problems, and build frontier courses aligned with industry.