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清华大学教育研究[ISSN:1001-4519/CN:11-1610/G4]

卷:

期数:

2024年02期

页码:

50-59

栏目:

人工智能与教育

出版日期:

2024-04-20

文章信息/Info

Title:

International Educational AI Ethics Framework: A Review and Reflection

作者:

白钧溢

东北师范大学 教育学部

Author(s):

BAI Jun-yi

Faculty of Education, Northeast Normal University

关键词:

教育人工智能; 伦理原则; 框架; 伦理治理; 国际镜鉴

Keywords:

educational AI;  ethical principles;  framework;  ethical governance;  international perspective

分类号:

G434

摘要:

人工智能伦理框架作为一套成型的、处于相互作用下的道德准则与规范组合,是消解伦理风险,实现技术向善的关键介质。目前,我国尚未出台国家层面的独立教育人工智能伦理指导框架。相比之下,国际教育人工智能伦理框架研究已有近30年历史,先后经历了借鉴与思考、追随与模仿、继承与独立三大发展阶段,不仅提出了具有一定影响的宏观伦理框架,还在关注教育伦理及要素、细化适用范围、提升实践指导力方面有所发展。与此同时,国际教育人工智能伦理框架因研究过程非连续、研究起步滞后、依赖借鉴一般人工智能研究而在当前面临广泛且持久的批评,启示我们在构建教育人工智能伦理框架时要关注框架自身的可靠性及框架实践的指导效果。框架自身的可靠性方面,应明晰不同领域伦理原则内涵的差异、关注框架自身的开放性与本土性、理清框架构建的哲学基础。框架实践的指导效果方面,应构建框架执行的保障机制、落实框架原则的可操作性、优化框架与实践的匹配度。

Abstract:

The artificial intelligence ethics framework, as a formed combination of interacting moral principles and norms, is a key medium for mitigating ethical risks and achieving the benevolent application of technology. While China has yet to establish a national-level educational AI ethics guidance framework, international research in this domain has been ongoing for nearly three decades, experiencing three major developmental phases: reflection and reference, following and imitation, and inheritance and independence. It has not only proposed influential macro-level ethical frameworks but has also advanced in areas such as educational ethics and elements, the delineation of applicable scope, and the enhancement of practical guidance. Despite these achievements, international educational AI ethics frameworks face criticism for their discontinuous research processes, late start, and reliance on general AI research, which highlights the need for attention to the reliability of the framework itself and its practical guidance effect when constructing an educational AI ethics framework. Regarding the reliability of the framework itself, it is crucial to clarify the differences in the connotations of ethical principles in different fields, to attend to the openness and relevance to local contexts, and to clarify the philosophical foundations of framework construction. As for the practical guidance effect, it is essential to establish mechanisms to guarantee the implementation of the framework, to ensure the operability of the framework principles, and to optimize the alignment between the framework and its implementation.

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更新日期/Last Update: 2024-04-20