以“西方”作为方法 ——建设有中国特色高等教育话语体系的知识论维度和方法论立场-清华大学教育研究

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Title:: “The West” as the Method ——Epistemological and Methodological Thoughts on Developing a Discourse System of Higher Education Research with Chinese Characteristics

摘要:: 西方高等教育理论的发展脉络为中国高等教育研究的本土化建设提供了可资借鉴的思想资源。在知识特征上,专业化和学术性并重,以美国为代表的西方社会科学理论和定量研究方法是当前高等教育研究的主流理论和主流方法,新自由主义限制了西方高等教育研究的理论创新。在知识来源上,西方高等教育理论可视为一部由重要人物、领军大学、重要文本、重大问题和重要制度构成的知识史。基于此,建设中国特色高等教育话语体系,需要从本土知识来源阐释中国高等教育的内涵与特色,在理论与实践的互动中赋予高等教育理论活力,以客观理性的态度对待西方高等教育理论,同时在“理论的旅行”中建立与西方高等教育话语体系的对话关系。

Abstract:: Western higher education theories provide valuable inspirations for the indigenization of Chinese higher education research. In terms of epistemological characteristics, western higher education research is both professional and academic, and the degree of institutionalization varies among countries. Western social science theories represented by the U.S. and quantitative methods consist of the mainstream theories and methods of western higher education research, whose capacity for theoretical innovation is largely limited by the wide-spread neoliberalism. In terms of sources of knowledge, western higher education theory can be conceptualized as a condensed history of important figures, pioneering universities, key texts, paramount issues and critical institutions. To build a discourse system of higher education research with Chinese characteristics, we need to draw on the local knowledge resources to explain the connotation and characteristics of Chinese higher education, vitalize the higher education theories through interaction between theory and practice, critically learn from the western theories, and establish a dialogical relation with the West through “the travel of theories”.