德国应用科学大学为什么不追求“升格”?-清华大学教育研究

文章信息/Info

Title:: Why Does Not the German University of Applied Sciences Pursue to Be “Promoted”?

Author(s):: XIAN Pei-xin¹ WANG Zhao-yi²; 1.School of Foreign Languages, Shenzhen Technology University; 2.Research Center for German-Speaking Countries, Zhejiang University of Science and Technology

Keywords:: German University of Applied Sciences; classified management of universities; university positioning; German higher education

摘要:: 德国应用科学大学以培养应用型人才、服务地方经济与企业为其主要特色定位,在“类型不同,但价值相同”的原则指导下,与综合性大学等代表传统大学理念的高等教育机构相互对应,共同形塑了德国学术型高等教育与应用型高等教育并举的双轨格局。从高校分类管理、定位发展的角度观察德国应用科学大学的历史渊源、法律基础、分类原则及其目前的发展趋势,可以发现,明确的分类是应用科学大学特色发展的基本前提和制度保障。

Abstract:: The German University of Applied Sciences (Fachhochschule) aims at cultivating application-oriented talents and serving the local economy and enterprises. Under the guidance of the principle of “different types but equal value”, it corresponds with higher education institutions such as comprehensive universities, which represent the traditional concept of universities, and together facilitate the dual development of German academic higher education and application-oriented higher education. From the perspective of classified management and positioning development of universities, this study analyzes the historical origin, legal basis, classification principles and current development trend of the German University of Applied Sciences. It finds that having a clear classification is the basic premise and institutional guarantee for the diversified development of the University of Applied Sciences.