互联网时代知识范式的变革 ——流动知识的兴起-清华大学教育研究

文章信息/Info

Title:: The Paradigm Revolution of Knowledge in the Age of Internet ——The Rise of Fluid Knowledge

Author(s):: LI Jun; Institute of Vocational and Technical Education, Tongji University

Keywords:: fluid knowledge; learning; internet; knowledge production; knowledge consumption

摘要:: 随着互联网的不断发展，传统的知识承载体系之外被生产和传播的知识逐渐兴起，其背后反映了知识范式的重大变化：知识生产的主体不仅有专业知识生产者和机构，也逐渐拓展到大量普通民众，知识生产越来越个人化、迅捷、随意，并更加需求导向；知识的生产与消费之间的互动更加频繁，且消费方式以免费为主，在日常情境中随时进行；这种知识具有更强的平等主义色彩，与市场的关系更加直接，在互联网商业生态中，其传播价值尤其重要。从历史维度上看，这种存在于传统承载体系之外的知识一直存在，而互联网则带来了这种知识的兴起，由于知识社会学视角下这一知识范式的变革具有重大意义，因此这类知识被冠以流动知识的名称。流动知识的兴起带来了一些影响：知识学习更便捷，打破专业和学科的界线，但也可能导致更多错误信息的传播以及深度学习的困难，这也对知识与市场、知识学习与学校教育的关系产生了深远的影响，并留下值得继续深入思考的问题。

Abstract:: With the development of the internet, a new body of fluid knowledge produced and transmitted outside the traditional storage system has gradually risen. This new trend represents a significant knowledge paradigm shift: the subject of knowledge production has expanded from professional knowledge producers to ordinary people; knowledge production has become more individualized, swift, random, and demand-oriented; the interaction between the production and consumption of knowledge has become more frequent; the consumption of knowledge is in most case free of charge and takes place in daily life circumstances; the knowledge is of a stronger egalitarian nature, and its relationship with the market is more direct than usual; and the transmission value of knowledge is particularly important in the internet business context. From a historical perspective, this type of nontraditional knowledge has always existed, but the internet has led to its rise. Because this knowledge paradigm shift is of great significance from the perspective of knowledge sociology, it is referred to as fluid knowledge. The rise of fluid knowledge leads to some consequences: knowledge learning is more convenient and breaks the boundaries between disciplines, but its inherent characteristics may also lead to the learning of wrong knowledge and difficulties of in-depth learning.