大学生求职领域社会资本研究的三大争论及其根源反思-清华大学教育研究

文章信息/Info

Title:: The Reflection on the Three Debates and Their Root Causes in Studies on Social Capital in College Student Employment

Author(s):: ZHONG Yun-hua WANG Feng-xia; School?of?Educational?Science,?Hunan?Normal?University

Keywords:: college student employment; social capital; debate on the existence of influence; debate on the direction of influence; debate on the strength of influence

摘要:: 随着社会资本理论的发展，有关社会资本对大学生求职影响的研究不断丰富，但这些研究仍然存在有无之争、正负之别和强弱之分三大争论。社会资本对大学生求职影响的有无之争,是由大学生求职所嵌入社会结构不同、嵌入程度有别和社会结构中社会关系运作法则差异共同导致；正负之别争论由社会资本的一体两面性与分布非均衡性带来；强弱之分争论则因社会关系自身强弱动态变化与求职者求职行动的时空界限引致。为了调和这三大争论，进一步促进大学生求职领域的社会资本研究，未来研究应加强对大学生社会资本和求职结果的分类与测量，全面分析社会资本的一体两面性和分布非均衡性，深入研究社会资本对大学生求职影响的时空差异。

Abstract:: With the development of social capital theory, the research on the impact of social capital on college student employment has been enriched. However, there are still three debates in thesestudies:whether or not there is an impact, whether the impact is positive or negative, and whether the impact is strong or weak. The first debate was caused by the different social structure embedded in college students’ job-hunting, the different degree of embedding and the different rules of social relations operation in the social structure. The positive-negative debate was brought by the duality and unbalanced distribution of social capital.The strong weak argument was caused by the dynamic changes in the strengths and weaknesses of social relations and the time and space boundaries of college students’ employment actions. In order to reconcile these three disputes and further promote studies on social capital in college student employment, future research should strengthen the classification and measurement of college students’social capital and employment outcomes, conduct holistic analysis on the duality and unbalanced distribution of social capital,and deepen the studies on the spatial and temporal differences in the impact of social capital on college students’job hunting.