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清华大学教育研究[ISSN:1001-4519/CN:11-1610/G4]

卷:

期数:

2021年01期

页码:

132-138

栏目:

教育历史与文化

出版日期:

2021-02-20

文章信息/Info

Title:

Higher?Normal?School?Reform?and?the?Debate?on?University?System——1920 “Conflating Beijing Higher Normal School and Peking University” as an Investigation Center

作者:

周慧梅

北京师范大学 教育学部

Author(s):

ZHOU Hui-mei

Faculty?of?Education,?Beijing?Normal?University

关键词:

高师改革; 师范大学; 综合大学师范学院; 大学体制之争

Keywords:

The reform of Higher Normal School;  Normal University;  Comprehensive University Education Department;  The debate on University System

分类号:

G658.3

文献标志码:

A

摘要:

高等师范教育向何处走是个跨世纪问题，历经百年热度不减，学界一般会追溯到20世纪20年代的高师改大，甚少关注1920年北高师校长风潮中“北高归并北大之议”。该议论传出，不仅激化北高师学生对新任校长陶孟和的强烈抵制，并将战火延至江苏教育会骨干、北京大学代理校长蒋梦麟身上，一时间，人事牵扯派系之争尘嚣其上，使得原本就有分歧的大学体制之争变得极为复杂，问题由此悄然置换为师范大学与综合大学培养师资孰优孰劣的论争。梳理此议缘起、舆论推进以及教育部出面辟谣、陈蒋双方笔战过程，分析各派交锋动机和措施背后的动因，有助于还原并揭示被派系争斗遮蔽下的高师改革与大学体制之争的本质问题。

Abstract:

The ought to direction of higher normal education is a trans-century debate. Scholars usually dated it back to the transformation of the higher normal school into normal university in the 1920s, however, paid little attention to the debate on conflating Beijing higher Normal School and Peking University, which was one of the themes in the agitation of changing the chancellor of Beijing Higher Normal School in 1920. The debate not merely sharpened the boycott new chancellor Tao Menghe organized by students from Beijing Higher Normal School, bur further expended to the diatribe about Jiang Menglin, then-deputy headmaster of Peking University and a mainstay of Jiangsu Education Association. The changing of personnel and the conflicts of factions complicated the university system reform, which had already contained colossal divergence. It was transferred into the discussion on whether normal university or comprehensive university could better cultivate further teachers. The study aims to present the process that how the debate was triggered and the role of the public voice in accelerating the debate, how the Ministry of Education dispelled the rumour, and the open correspondences between Jiang Menglin and Chen Baoquan. It analyzes the motivations behind the confrontation of different factors and restores. This helps to restore and reveal the essence of the higher normal school reform and the debates of the university system, which was glossed over by the factional conflicts.

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更新日期/Last Update: 2021-02-20