学生眼里的在线教学：行为、效果与挑战——基于新冠疫情期间清华大学学生在线学习行为调查-清华大学教育研究

文章信息/Info

Title:: Online Teaching in the Perspective of Students: Behaviors,Effectiveness, and Challenges——Based on an Online Learning Survey at Tsinghua University during COVID-19

Author(s):: QIAO Wei-feng LIU Wei-tong LI Man-li; Institute?of?Education,?Tsinghua?University

Keywords:: online learning; learning behavior; learning effectiveness; learning challenge; self-regulated learning

摘要:: 本研究从“行为-效果”两个维度设计了调查问卷，并从清华大学2020年春季学期参加在线学习的本科生和研究生中随机抽样，调查学生在线学习的行为特征、学习效果和主要挑战。研究发现，疫情期间的在线教学总体上取得预期成效，学生的学习行为表现出较强的适应性和可控性，但不同群体的学生存在差异。在线学习也面临一些挑战：生生互动减少、居家学习效率低、学习专注力不够、动作技能训练欠缺等问题需要引起关注。建议未来的在线教学，在外部条件保障不减的前提下，注重激发学生学习的内在动力、提升学生的自主学习能力，并通过完善支架教学、鼓励朋辈学习等方式促进学生学习参与。

Abstract:: In this study, a questionnaire was designed from two dimensions of behaviors and effectiveness. Then a random sample was selected from the undergraduate and graduate students who participated in online courses in the spring semester of 2020 at Tsinghua University to investigate the behavioral characteristics, learning effectiveness and major challenges of students at the present stage. The study found, during the epidemic, online teaching generally achieved expected effectiveness, and students’ learning behaviors showed strong adaptability and controllability, but discrepancies among different groups of students were also emerged. The whole system of online learning also faced some challenges, such as insufficient interaction among students, low efficiency of home-based learning, lack of concentration, lack of practical skills training, etc. It was suggested that we should attach the importance to stimulate students’ internal motivation of learning and enhance students’ self-regulated learning, and promote students’ engagement by instructionall scaffolding and peer learing, while maintaining the current external conditions.