古代朝鲜教育与中国教育的比较研究-清华大学教育研究

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摘要:: 朝鲜毗邻中国，在古代深受中华传统文化影响，历代统治当局均关注教育的发展，教育体系基本从中国借鉴移植，将儒家经学作为学习的主要内容，将科举制度作为选拔人才的主要手段并与教育紧密衔接，学校体制和学校类型大体与中国相同。但古代朝鲜教育的发展演进并不追随与中国同步，注重适合政治、文化及人文环境的需要，并能保持教育设施更大的稳定性。古代朝鲜教育也有自身特色，对儒学之外的各类专门人才更为器重，科举设科多样且彼此相通，官方对初等教育的办理更为普遍，在学校构建、课程设置、管理措施等方面亦不乏缜密之处。

Abstract:: Ancient Korea was adjacent to China and deeply influenced by Chinese traditional culture. Its ruling authorities of all dynasties had paid close attention to the development of education. The education system was mainly borrowed from China, taking the Confucian classics as the main content of learning, and the imperial examination system which was closely linked with education as the main channel of selecting talents. Its school system and the types of schools were basically the same as those in China. However, the development and evolution of education in ancient Korea did not follow the same pace as that of China. It focused on meeting the needs of politics, culture and human environment, and maintaining greater stability of educational facilities. Meanwhile, the education in ancient Korean also had its own characteristics. It paid more attention to all kinds of specialized personnel besides Confucianism. The subjects of imperial examinations were diversified and interlinked with each other. The official administration of primary education was more common. There were also meticulous aspects in school construction, curriculum design and management measures.